UWB tags can still receive signals in the presence of obstruction, but the signal reception effect can be affected by various factors, as follows:
1. The material and thickness of the obstruction
Physical wall: The obstruction of a physical wall can attenuate UWB signals by 60% -70%, increase positioning accuracy error by about 30 centimeters, but the signal may still be received. But if it is obstructed by two or more physical walls, signal attenuation will be very severe, which may result in the inability to achieve UWB positioning.
Steel plate: Steel plates absorb UWB positioning pulse signals severely, making UWB positioning impossible and making it difficult for UWB tags to receive signals.
Glass and wooden boards: Generally, glass or wooden boards or cardboard with a thickness of about 10 centimeters have little impact on the UWB positioning accuracy, and UWB tags can receive signals relatively normally.
2. Location and quantity of obstructions
If the obstruction is located on the straight propagation path between the UWB tag and the base station, it will have the most significant blocking effect on the signal and cause significant signal attenuation. But if the obstruction deviates from this straight line, the signal may reach the tag or base station through diffraction or other means, but the signal strength will also be weakened.
The more obstructions there are, the more severe the signal attenuation and scattering, making it more difficult for UWB tags to receive signals. When there are multiple obstructions, the signal may need to diffract or penetrate multiple times to reach its destination, which can lead to a significant decrease in signal strength and even ineffective reception.
3. Configuration of positioning system
Base station layout and quantity: A reasonable base station layout can increase the coverage range and redundancy of signals, and improve the probability of tags receiving signals under occlusion. When the signal between the tag and some base stations is obstructed, it is still possible to maintain good communication with other base stations, thus achieving positioning.
Signal processing algorithm: By using advanced signal processing algorithms such as filters for noise reduction, Kalman filtering, or particle filtering to process signals, the impact of signal occlusion can be eliminated to a certain extent, improving signal quality and positioning accuracy.
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